Planetary Science

October 11, 2026 Lead Investigator: Simon Frye

What if we harnessed the power of every lightning strike?

They say catching lightning in a bottle is supposed to be near impossible, but what if it actually was possible? Is it a viable energy source?

Field explored: Planetary Science, atmospheric science, energy science

But before we explore

MAKE YOUR PREDICTION.

Will lightning…

A.) Power all of humanity

B.) Be insufficient in powering all of humanity

C.) Do something else?

Our predictions

“I think it will be more than enough energy for human consumption”

“There’s no chance that lightning supplies enough energy”

THE RULES

1.) Lightning strikes will be assumed to be captured and stores with 100% efficiency, meaning no energy is lost in the process.

2.) Every single lightning strike around the world will be captured, no matter where it is located.

3.) The change will happen instantly.

4.) The mechanism that could do this will be ignored.

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW FIRST

Average amount of energy per strike

E = 1 × 10^9 J

That is 1 billion joules of energy! That is enough to power an average home for a little over a week, and if you were wondering how many pieces of toast you could make, it would be around 20,000 pieces.

How often lightning strikes

44 times every second

That is about 3.52 million strikes per minute, and nearly 1.4 billion strikes in a year! Most lightning strikes occur near the equator, where all the hot air meets. There is a lake in Venezuela called Lake Maracaibo that can see up to 22,000 strikes on an active day!

Equation for power

P = E/Δt

P is power, E is energy, and Δt is change in time. This equation helps relate energy and time, and it also helps explain why lightning looks so impressive yet actually supplies not as much energy as people would expect.

Global consumption of energy per year

E = 6.5 × 10^20 J

That is 600 quintillion joules of energy per year. It is also known as 600 exajoules, which is a pretty cool name in my opinion. Among this massive amount of energy, 86 percent of it comes from oil, coal, and natural gas.

THE PROCESS

First, lets find out exactly how much energy our lightning produces in a year

E = 44 × 60 × 60 × 24 × 365.25 x (10 × 10^9) = 1.39 × 10^19 J

That is quite a bit of energy, and I just know you’re wondering how many pieces of bread that is going to toast. It’s 632,000,000,000,000 pieces! That is enough to cover about 2 percent of the Earth with toast.

Now, lets find out what percent of our global energy consumption that is

Percent = ((1.39 × 10^19)/(6.5 × 10^20))x100 = 2.14%

Well, it is not nearly enough to give humans the energy they use in a year. It’s really not even close at all.

While were here, lets find the average power of a lightning strike, assuming Δt = 0.2sec

For this question, we will use the known values of Earth’s mass and radius:

P = 1×(10^9) / .2 = 5 × 10^9 W

This is a huge number, and it’s what gives lightning that bright white flash in the sky. It’s maximum power is even greater, though it is maintained only for a tiny fraction of a microsecond. The average power is equivalent to 10 hoover dams or 5 large nuclear power plants, for reference.

So…What happens?

Unfortunately for humans, this would not be nearly enough energy to sustain our global energy consumption as it currently stands, equaling out to be around 2.14% of current global consumption.

Lightning puts on an incredible show, but it has much less energy than you would think. Although 1,000,000,000 Joules is a massive amount of energy, that is 8.25 gallons of gas, not even enough to fill up the tank of most cars. Lightning appears so luminous due to its power, which is producing the same power output at five large nuclear power plants in just .2 seconds. It’s maximum power is astronomically great at 1-3 terawatts, though this is only maintained for tiny fractions of a microsecond. This massive electrical discharge is packed into a very small column of air, which sends out quite a large amount of photons that overwhelm your eyes, creating that bright flash you see. If lightning discharged over a greater amount of time, it would produce much less power and not be as luminous as it appears.

So what does this mean for us? Well with our new source of energy I would like to say that we would replace 5% of our non-renewable fossil fuel sources of energy, but that would likely not be the case. A decent chunk of renewable sources (which take up around 7 percent of energy output) would probably get replaced instead, as our economy values these fossil fuels much more than they do the renewable ones unfortunately. That being said, there’s no telling what would really change as a result of this simply because the energy is not substantial enough to cause anything major.

What surprised us?

I had a lot more faith in lightning than I should have had, because I predicted that it would be capable of supplying us with the energy we needed. I was wrong. Lightning could only account for 2.14 percent of the total energy we consume in a year, and would need to either become 50 times more powerful or 50 times more frequent, which is simply not possible with our current atmospheric conditions.

WEIRD QUESTIONS TO REAL RESEARCH

Scientists actually study…

How thunderstorms separate electric charges

What triggers a lightning discharge

Global lightning patterns and frequency

Lightning’s energy and electrical properties

How climate change affects lightning activity

Want to keep exploring?

RELATED CONCEPTS

  • Atmospheric Electricity

  • Charge Separation

  • Renewable Electricity

  • Energy Budgets

  • Orders of magnitude

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